When Frost Hits, These Are The Plants To Protect First – And The Most Effective Ways To Do It

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A Homes & Gardens report says gardeners should prioritize tropical houseplants and other tender plants before frost, moving them indoors when night temperatures begin nearing 50°F. For plants that must stay outside, breathable frost cloth, cloches or sheets can provide protection; advice on timing should account for local forecasts and plant needs.

Gardeners in areas approaching their first fall frost should prioritize tropical houseplants and other tender plants, moving outdoor containers indoors before nighttime temperatures fall near 50°F, according to a Homes & Gardens report citing horticulture and garden-design professionals. Plants that cannot be moved can be covered with breathable material, but the report says the timing of protection matters because some tropical plants can be injured by temperatures well above freezing.

The report recommends starting with houseplants that spent summer outdoors and tender plants that can be brought inside for winter. Its examples include pelargoniums, coleus, begonias, bromeliads, Boston ferns and pothos, along with succulents and cacti. Michael Jesiolowski, plant clinic manager at The Morton Arboretum, advises returning outdoor houseplants indoors a few weeks before a potential frost, when temperatures start dipping toward 50°F. The report notes tropical houseplants may suffer cold damage below that level; it does not give one temperature threshold that applies to every plant.

Before bringing plants indoors, Jesiolowski recommends checking them for insects and treating pests with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Gardeners should follow product labels and use any pesticide only as directed. The report also advises watching local forecasts because an unexpected cold snap can arrive before the usual first-frost period. If time is short, designer Mirela Bajic says to move what can be moved and cover tender plants that must remain outdoors.

Among outdoor tropical and subtropical plants to prioritize are banana trees, tree ferns, aeonium, plumeria and bird of paradise. For plants that cannot be moved, the report identifies frost cloth as a preferred cover, with cloches or breathable sheets as alternatives. Covers should be used to shield plants from cold, while the report offers no single covering method or schedule for every species and local condition.

Protecting Plants Before Cold Nights

Protecting plants early can reduce the risk of cold damage and the loss of plants that are not adapted to freezing conditions. The report distinguishes tender tropical plants from bulbs and other plants that gardeners may lift later: it says dahlias, cannas, gladioli, elephant’s ear and caladium can generally wait until after the first frost before they are dug up for storage. That distinction helps gardeners direct attention first to plants whose cold tolerance is lower.

The suggested 50°F warning point is useful as a prompt for tropical houseplants, not a universal frost threshold. A frost is associated with temperatures near freezing, but sensitive tropical plants can be harmed earlier. Moving containers indoors also gives gardeners a practical option when forecasts change, while breathable covers offer a temporary measure for plants rooted in the garden.

Fall Frost Timing and Plant Groups

Homes & Gardens reports that first frosty nights typically arrive in October and early November for many gardens in USDA zones 5–8. It recommends preparing a few weeks before an anticipated frost rather than waiting for the first freezing night. Actual timing varies with location and weather, so the report’s calendar guidance should be read alongside local forecasts.

The article separates plants to move indoors before cold weather from plants often lifted and stored after the first frost. Its advice is seasonal gardening guidance, not a forecast for any particular area or a guarantee that a given plant will survive a specific temperature. Plant condition, exposure and local conditions can affect outcomes.

“If I only had ten minutes before a frost, tender plants come first. Pelargoniums, tender salvias, young citrus, a light frost can wreck these outright, not just knock a few leaves off.”

— Mirela Bajic, Senior Garden Designer at House Designer

Local Forecasts Set the Timing

The report does not provide a forecast for a specific region or date, and the first frost varies by location. Its temperature guidance is general: it does not specify exact cold limits for each plant variety, how long a cover should remain in place, or how much protection each material provides under different conditions. Gardeners should check local forecasts and seek species-specific guidance when a plant’s tolerance is uncertain.

Check Forecasts and Move Plants

As nighttime temperatures fall, gardeners should check local forecasts, inspect outdoor containers for pests and move tender houseplants indoors before temperatures approach 50°F. They can then cover vulnerable plants that must remain outside with frost cloth, cloches or breathable fabric. The next step is to adjust protection to the forecast and the plant’s needs; the source report does not identify a single date when frost protection should end.

Key Questions

Which plants should be protected first?

Prioritize tropical houseplants and other tender plants, including summer-outdoor houseplants such as pelargoniums, coleus, begonias, bromeliads, Boston ferns and pothos. Tender salvias and young citrus are also among the plants cited by designer Mirela Bajic.

When should I bring outdoor houseplants inside?

The report cites advice to bring them indoors a few weeks before a potential frost, as nighttime temperatures begin dipping toward 50°F. Check local forecasts, since timing differs by area and plants vary in cold tolerance.

What can cover plants that cannot be moved?

The report recommends frost cloth and lists cloches or breathable sheets as alternatives. Follow the material’s directions and consider the forecast and the specific plant’s needs.

Should dahlias be dug up before the first frost?

The report says dahlias, along with cannas, gladioli, elephant’s ear and caladium, can wait until after the first frost before being lifted and stored for winter. Check local and plant-specific guidance if unsure.

Source: rss